Plastics are synthetic materials which can be molded into desired shape by the application of heat and pressure. The heat softens the material and applied pressure makes it hard.

Plastics can be extruded, laminated, cast, rolled and machined. Plastics are cheap and are easily available, retains dimensional stability, corrosion resistant, can be manufactured in various intricate shapes, colors, light in weight, non-toxic can be easily cast, weldable and long lasting. There are two main types of plastics :

1) Thermosetting Plastics

Thermosetting plastics are the materials in which the desired shape is formed under heat and pressure. The material is first heated and then the required pressure is applied so that the product becomes hard.

Examples of Thermosetting plastics are

Phenol-formaldehyde (Bakelite). Urea-formaldehyde, Phenol-furfural etc.,

2) Thermoplastic.

widely used Thermoplastic materials are those in which the material does not undergo any chemical change. The material does not become hard with application of heat and pressure. They become soft when heated and hardens when cooled.

Examples of thermoplastic materials are polythene, polyvinyl chloride (P. V. C.), cellulose nitrate, etc.

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